> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.wherobots.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Havasu Vector Data

## Create Table using `CREATE TABLE` Command

To create a geospatial table in WherobotsDB, use `sedona.sql(...)` to run a `CREATE TABLE` command:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    sedona.sql("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS org_catalog.test_db")
    sedona.sql("CREATE TABLE org_catalog.test_db.test_table (id bigint, data string, geom geometry)")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    sedona.sql("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS org_catalog.test_db")
    sedona.sql("CREATE TABLE org_catalog.test_db.test_table (id bigint, data string, geom geometry)")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    sedona.sql("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS org_catalog.test_db");
    sedona.sql("CREATE TABLE org_catalog.test_db.test_table (id bigint, data string, geom geometry)");
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

This will create an empty table. Notice that Havasu introduced a new data type `geometry` to represent geospatial data. Data in columns with `geometry` type will be loaded as `GeometryUDT` values in WherobotsDB, user can use any ST\_ functions provided by WherobotsDB to manipulate the geospatial data.

## Create Table using DataFrame

User can also create a table using a DataFrame. The geometry column in the DataFrame will goes into the `GEOMETRY` column in the created geospatial table.

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("org_catalog.test_db.test_table").create()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("org_catalog.test_db.test_table").create()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("org_catalog.test_db.test_table").create();
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

Havasu supports a full range of SQL DDL and DML commands which Apache Iceberg supports, such as `ALTER TABLE`, `DROP TABLE`, etc.

## Writing Geometry Data

Once your table is created, you can insert data using `INSERT INTO`:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    sedona.sql("INSERT INTO org_catalog.test_db.test_table VALUES (1, 'a', ST_GeomFromText('POINT (1 2)')), (2, 'b', ST_Point(2, 3))")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    sedona.sql("INSERT INTO org_catalog.test_db.test_table VALUES (1, 'a', ST_GeomFromText('POINT (1 2)')), (2, 'b', ST_Point(2, 3))")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    sedona.sql("INSERT INTO org_catalog.test_db.test_table VALUES (1, 'a', ST_GeomFromText('POINT (1 2)')), (2, 'b', ST_Point(2, 3))");
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

You may have noticed that we use `ST_GeomFromText` and `ST_Point` provided by WherobotsDB to construct geometry values and directly inserted them into the Havasu table.

Users can also write a DataFrame containing geometry data to a Havasu table:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").create()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").create()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").create();
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

Or insert data into an existing Havasu table:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").append()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").append()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    df.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").append();
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

Havasu also supports a range of table update operations, such as `UPDATE`, `DELETE`, `MERGE INTO`, etc. Please refer to [Apache Iceberg - Spark Writes](https://iceberg.apache.org/docs/latest/spark-writes/) for details.

## Reading Geometry Table

Havasu tables can be queried using SQL `SELECT` statements:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    df = sedona.sql("SELECT * FROM wherobots.db_name.table_name")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    df = sedona.sql("SELECT * FROM wherobots.db_name.table_name")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    Dataset<Row> df = sedona.sql("SELECT * FROM wherobots.db_name.table_name");
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

Or using DataFrame API:

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    df = sedona.table("wherobots.db_name.table_name")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    df = sedona.table("wherobots.db_name.table_name")
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    Dataset<Row> df = sedona.table("wherobots.db_name.table_name");
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

Havasu also supports time travel and inspecting metadata of table. Please refer to [Apache Iceberg - Queries](https://iceberg.apache.org/docs/latest/spark-queries/) for details.

## Processing Geometry Data using Spatial SQL

Users can use any `ST_` functions provided by WherobotsDB to manipulate geometry data read from Havasu.

<Tabs>
  <Tab title="Python">
    ```python theme={"system"}
    # Read and manipulate geospatial data in a Havasu table
    df = sedona.table("wherobots.db_name.table_name")
    df.withColumn("wkt", expr("ST_AsText(geom)")).show()
    df2 = df.withColumn("geom", expr("ST_Buffer(geom, 0.01)"))

    # Write geospatial data back to a Havasu table
    df2.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").append()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Scala">
    ```scala theme={"system"}
    // Read and manipulate geospatial data in a Havasu table
    val df = sedona.table("wherobots.db_name.table_name")
    df.withColumn("wkt", expr("ST_AsText(geom)")).show()
    val df2 = df.withColumn("geom", expr("ST_Buffer(geom, 0.01)"))

    // Write geospatial data back to a Havasu table
    df2.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").append()
    ```
  </Tab>

  <Tab title="Java">
    ```java theme={"system"}
    // Read and manipulate geospatial data in a Havasu table
    Dataset<Row> df = sedona.table("wherobots.db_name.table_name");
    df.withColumn("wkt", expr("ST_AsText(geom)")).show();
    Dataset<Row> df2 = df.withColumn("geom", expr("ST_Buffer(geom, 0.01)"));

    // Write geospatial data back to a Havasu table
    df2.writeTo("wherobots.db_name.table_name").append();
    ```
  </Tab>
</Tabs>

## Further Reading

For more information, please refer to [Geometry Support in Havasu](/reference/havasu/geometry/geometry-overview/).